ESA’s Arctic weather satellite has passed its environmental test campaign – meaning that the satellite has been declared fit for liftoff and its life in space.
Instrumentation
This new satellite, which is slated for launch in June 2024, has been designed to show how it can improve weather forecasts in the Arctic – a region that currently lacks data for accurate short-term forecasts.
The Arctic weather satellite is equipped with a 19-channel cross-track scanning microwave radiometer, which benefits from the heritage technology of the microwave sounder developed for the MetOp Second Generation satellites. The instrument will provide high-resolution humidity and temperature soundings of the atmosphere in all weather conditions.
Successful tests
The set of final tests was carried out at industrial equipment supplier Industrieanlagen-Betriebsgesellschaft (IABG) in Germany and included positioning the satellite on a shaker to simulate the vibrations it will have to endure during liftoff, and enclosing it in a thermal vacuum chamber where it was exposed to the extreme swings in temperature that it will experience as it orbits Earth. The satellite is now being shipped back to Sweden for a last few checks before it is packed up and ready for shipment to the Vandenberg launch site in California.
Developing the Arctic weather satellite
The prototype Arctic weather satellite has been developed and built on a very tight schedule of just 36 months and on a tight budget.
Ville Kangas, Arctic weather satellite project manager at ESA, said, “This last testing program is extremely important to make sure that the satellite is robust enough to survive launch and the harshness of the space environment. I am extremely happy to say that everything went very well and I extend my thanks to IABG and OHB Sweden for their diligent work.”
Ville added, “Led by our prime contractor, OHB in Sweden, over 30 companies have been involved in the development of the mission. I think I can speak for everyone in saying how thrilled we are to see the satellite fit and well and ready for its next steps.”
The satellite is the forerunner of a potential constellation of satellites, called EPS-Sterna, that ESA would build for Eumetsat if this prototype Arctic weather satellite works well. The EPS-Sterna mission is envisioned as a constellation of six microsatellites in three orbital planes to supply an almost constant stream of temperature and humidity data from every location on Earth.
This would, for the first time, enable very short-range weather forecasting, or ‘nowcasting’, in the Arctic. The set of six microsatellites would be replenished three times. While the Arctic is the focus, meteorologists will also use the constellation to improve weather forecasts globally.
To watch ESA’s video on the development of the Arctic weather satellite, ahead of testing in orbit, click here.